Usuku lwaBasebenzi lukwaziwa ngokuba yiSuku labaSebenzi beHlabathi kunye noSuku lukaMeyi. Lusuku lweholide kawonke-wonke kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Luhlala lusenzeka malunga nomhla woku-1 kuMeyi, kodwa amazwe aliqela alubhiyozela ngezinye iintsuku.
Usuku lwaBasebenzi ludla ngokusetyenziswa njengosuku lokukhusela amalungelo abasebenzi.
Usuku lwaBasebenzi kunye noSuku lukaMeyi ziiholide ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezihlala zigcinwa kwaye zixutywe ngoMeyi 1:
1. Usuku lwaBasebenzi, olwaziwa ngokuba yiSuku labaSebenzi beHlabathi, lumalunga namalungelo abasebenzi. Ludla ngokubakho malunga nomhla woku-1 kuMeyi, kodwa amazwe aliqela alubhiyozela ngezinye iintsuku.
2. I-May Day ngumbhiyozo wamandulo wentwasahlobo, ukuzalwa ngokutsha, kunye nokuzala kumazwe amaninzi.
Usuku lwaBasebenzi beHlabathi
Usuku lwaBasebenzi luneengcambu ezinzulu kwiminyaka eli-130 yentshukumo yabasebenzi kunye nemizamo yayo yokuphucula iimeko zabasebenzi kwihlabathi liphela. Abanye bathi kufanelekile nanamhlanje ukugxininisa imingeni abasebenzi abasajongene nayo.
Usuku lwaBasebenzi ludla ngokuba lusuku lwemibhiyozo, imiboniso, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izidubedube kwizixeko ezikhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Iminikelo ingabandakanya amalungelo abafazi, iimeko zokusebenza zabemi bamanye amazwe, kunye nokonakala kweemeko zabasebenzi. Imiboniso idla ngokuba ngomhla woku-1 kuMeyi kwaye idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiMibhiyozo yoSuku lwaBasebenzi.
Kutheni umhla woku-1 kuMeyi uliholide?
Ngokukhula kweNguquko yezeMizi-mveliso kwabakho imfuno yemibutho yabasebenzi kunye neyabasebenzi. Malunga neminyaka yoo-1850, iintshukumo zeeyure ezisibhozo kwihlabathi liphela zazijolise ekunciphiseni usuku lokusebenza ukusuka kwishumi ukuya kwiiyure ezisibhozo. Kwingqungquthela yayo yokuqala ngo-1886, i-American Federation of Labour yabiza ugwayimbo oluqhelekileyo ngoMeyi 1 ukufuna usuku lweeyure ezisibhozo, nto leyo eyakhokelela kwinto eyaziwa namhlanje ngokuba yi-Isiphithiphithi seHaymarket.
Kumboniso owawuseChicago, ibhombu engaziwayo yaqhushumba phakathi kwesihlwele, kwaye amapolisa avula umlilo. Le ngxabano yabulala amapolisa amaninzi kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo, kwaye amapolisa angaphezu kwama-60 kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo abangama-30 ukuya kuma-40 benzakala. Emva koko, uvelwano lwabantu lwafika emapoliseni, kwaye amakhulu eenkokheli zabasebenzi kunye nabantu abanomdla baqokelelwa; abanye bagwetyelwa ukufa ngokuxhonywa. Abaqeshi baphinda balawula abasebenzi, kwaye iiyure ezilishumi nangaphezulu zomsebenzi zaba yinto eqhelekileyo kwakhona.
Ngo-1889, iSecond International, umanyano lwaseYurophu lwamaqela obusoshiyali kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi, yamisela umhla woku-1 kuMeyi njengoSuku lwaBasebenzi beHlabathi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umhla wokuqala kuMeyi ube luphawu lwamalungelo abasebenzi kwihlabathi liphela.
Nokuba kunjalo, iMay Day ibisoloko iyindawo ephambili yemiboniso yamaqela ahlukeneyo obuKomanisi, obuSoshiyali, kunye nobuAnarchist.
Kulungile, ndiyathemba ukuba uza kufumana iholide emnandi, Sala kakuhle!
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-24-2022