I-nylon yi-polymer, oko kuthetha ukuba yiplastiki enesakhiwo se-molecular seeyunithi ezininzi ezifanayo ezidityaniswe kunye. Umzekeliso ungaba kukuba ifana nje netsheyini yesinyithi, eyenziwe ngamakhonkco aphindaphindayo. I-nylon lusapho lonke lweentlobo zezinto ezifanayo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-polyamides.
Esinye isizathu sokuba kubekho usapho lweenylon kukuba iDuPont yanelungelo lobunikazi lohlobo lwayo lokuqala, ngoko ke abakhuphisana nabo kwafuneka beze nezinye iindlela. Esinye isizathu kukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zefayibha zineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo. Umzekelo, iKevlar® (impahla yevesti engangeni mbumbulu) kunye neNomex® (ilaphu elingangeni mlilo leesuti zeemoto zomdyarho kunye neeglavu ze-oven) zinxulumene ngokweekhemikhali nenylon.
Izinto zemveli ezifana nomthi kunye nomqhaphu zikhona kwindalo, ngelixa i-nylon ingekho. I-polymer ye-nylon yenziwa ngokudibana kunye iimolekyuli ezimbini ezinkulu kusetyenziswa ubushushu obumalunga ne-545°F kunye noxinzelelo oluvela kwiketile enamandla emizi-mveliso. Xa iiyunithi zidibana, ziyadibana zenze imolekyuli enkulu nangakumbi. Le polymer ininzi lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-nylon—eyaziwa ngokuba yi-nylon-6,6, equlethe ii-athomu zekhabhoni ezintandathu. Ngenkqubo efanayo, ezinye iinguqulelo ze-nylon zenziwa ngokudibana neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo zokuqala.
Le nkqubo idala ishiti okanye iribhoni yenylon eqhekezwa ibe ziitships. Ezi chips ngoku zizinto ezisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iintlobo zeemveliso zemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, amalaphu enylon enziwanga ngeetships kodwa ngeefayibha zenylon, eziyimicu yeplastiki. Le ntambo yenziwa ngokunyibilikisa iitships zenylon kwaye izitsale nge-spinneret, elivili elinemingxuma emincinci. Iifayibha zobude nobukhulu obahlukeneyo zenziwa ngokusebenzisa imingxunya yobukhulu obahlukeneyo kwaye izitsale ngesantya esahlukileyo. Okukhona imicu emininzi idityaniswe ndawonye kuthetha ukuba intambo ityebile kwaye inamandla.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-08-2022