Izinto zePVC

I-Polyvinyl chloride (kungenjalo: i-poly(vinyl chloride), eqhelekileyo: i-polyvinyl, okanye i-vinyl; efinyeziweyo: i-PVC) yi-polymer yesithathu eyenziwe kakhulu yeplastiki eveliswa kakhulu kwihlabathi (emva kwe-polyethylene kunye ne-polypropylene). Malunga ne-40 yezigidi zeetoni ze-PVC ziveliswa minyaka le.

I-PVC iza ngeendlela ezimbini ezisisiseko: eqinileyo (ngamanye amaxesha ifinyezwa njenge-RPVC) kunye neguquguqukayo. Uhlobo oluqinileyo lwe-PVC lusetyenziswa ekwakheni imibhobho nakwiinkqubo zeprofayili ezifana neengcango neefestile. Ikwasetyenziswa ekwenzeni iibhotile zeplastiki, ukupakisha okungekuko ukutya, amaphepha okugquma ukutya kunye namakhadi eplastiki (afana namakhadi ebhanki okanye obulungu). Ingenziwa ithambe kwaye iguquguquke ngakumbi ngokongeza iiplastiki, ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu zii-phthalates. Kule fomu, ikwasetyenziswa kwimibhobho, ukufakelwa kweentambo zombane, ulusu oluyimifanekiso, umgangatho, imiqondiso, iirekhodi zegramafoni, iimveliso ezinokufuthwa, kunye nezinye iindlela ezininzi apho ithatha indawo yerabha. Ngomqhaphu okanye ilinen, isetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwe-canvas.

I-polyvinyl chloride ecocekileyo yinto emhlophe neqhekekileyo. Ayinyibiliki kwi-alcohol kodwa inyibilika kancinci kwi-tetrahydrofuran.

I-PVC yenziwa ngo-1872 yingcali yemichiza yaseJamani u-Eugen Baumann emva kophando olude kunye novavanyo. Le polymer yabonakala njenge-solid emhlophe ngaphakathi kwiflaski ye-vinyl chloride eyayishiywe kwishelufu ekhuselweyo elangeni kangangeeveki ezine. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, ingcali yemichiza yaseRashiya u-Ivan Ostromislensky kunye noFritz Klatte benkampani yamakhemikhali yaseJamani iGriesheim-Elektron bobabini bazama ukusebenzisa i-PVC kwiimveliso zorhwebo, kodwa ubunzima ekucubunguleni i-polymer eqinileyo, ngamanye amaxesha ebuthathaka bathintela imizamo yabo. UWaldo Semon kunye ne-BF Goodrich Company baphuhlise indlela ngo-1926 yokwenza i-PVC ibe yiplastiki ngokuyixuba nezinye izongezo, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwe-dibutyl phthalate ngo-1933.