Uphuhliso lweefreyimu zesambrela luhambo olunomdla oluthatha iinkulungwane, oluphawulwa bubuchule, uphuhliso lobunjineli, kunye nokufuna zombini imo kunye nomsebenzi. Makhe sihlolisise ixesha lophuhliso lweefreyimu zesambrela ukutyhubela iminyaka.
Isiqalo Samandulo:
1. IYiputa yamandulo neMesopotamiya (malunga nowe-1200 BCE): Ingcamango yomthunzi ophathwayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwemvula iqala kwimpucuko yamandulo. Iiambrela zakuqala zazidla ngokwenziwa ngamagqabi amakhulu okanye izikhumba zezilwanyana ezisolulwe phezu kwesakhelo.
IYurophu yaseYurophu yamaxesha aphakathi kunye neRenaissance:
1. IXesha Eliphakathi (inkulungwane yesi-5 ukuya kweye-15): EYurophu, ngexesha leXesha Eliphakathi, isambrela sasisetyenziswa kakhulu njengophawu lwegunya okanye ubutyebi. Yayingekabi sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokuzikhusela kwiimeko zezulu.
2. Inkulungwane ye-16: Uyilo nokusetyenziswa kweeambrela kwaqala ukuguquka eYurophu ngexesha leRenaissance. Ezi ambrela zokuqala zazidla ngokuba neefreyimu ezinzima neziqinileyo, nto leyo eyayizenza zingasebenzi ukusetyenziswa imihla ngemihla.
Inkulungwane ye-18: Ukuzalwa kwe-Umbrella yanamhlanje:
1. Inkulungwane ye-18: Uguquko lokwenyani kuyilo lwee-ambrela lwaqala ngenkulungwane ye-18. UJonas Hanway, indoda yaseNgilani, udla ngokunconywa ngokwazisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-ambrela njengendlela yokukhusela imvula eLondon. Ezi ambrela zokuqala zazinefreyimu zomthi kunye neekhanophi zelaphu ezigqunywe ngeoyile.
2. Inkulungwane ye-19: Inkulungwane ye-19 ibone uphuculo olukhulu kubuchwepheshe bee-ambrela. Izinto ezintsha zaziquka izakhelo zentsimbi, ezenza ii-ambrela ziqine kwaye zigobeke, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe luncedo ngakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kwemihla ngemihla.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-22-2023